8th Class Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture - NCERT Solution class 8th

8th Class Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture - NCERT Solution class 8th

Agriculture, which is the chapter 4 of Geography in ‘8th Class’ about ‘Agriculture’.

Agriculture is a primary activity giving occupation to 50% of the population. It includes growing crops, vegetables, and rearing animals. The land on which the crops are grown is known as arable land.It is also termed as Farming. The basis of the geography, demand, labour and the level of technology farming can be majorly classified into various types as below:-

• Subsistence farming-It is a process where the cultivation is done only to suffice the personal needs. It focuses on the use of traditional methods, low-level technology, and household labour.
• Intensive Subsistence –In this, the farmer cultivates a small portion of land using simple tools but the requirement of labour is high. Eg:- Rice
• Primitive Subsistence –It comprises of shifting cultivation and nomadic herding.
• Shifting cultivation –It is a process where a plot of land is cleared by felling the trees and burning them. The ashes are then mixed with the soil and crops like potatoes are grown. It is also known as ‘slash and burn’ agriculture. It is practiced majorly in thickly forested area
• Nomadic herding-In this Nomadic herding, herdsman drive from place to place with their animals for fodder and water, along with defined routes. It is practiced in the arid and semi-arid region.
• Commercial Framing-In commercial farming, crops are grown and the animals are reared for sale in the market.
• Commercial gram farming-Crops are grown majorly for commercial purpose. It is majorly practiced in a sparsely populated area like Asia and Europe.
• Mixed Farming-In Mixed farming, the land is used for growing food and fodder crops and rearing farm animals. Majorly practiced in Europe, South Africa, New Zealand,
• Plantations are a type of commercial farming where the single crop is grown like sugarcane, tea, coffee. A large amount of capital and labour are required. Major plantations are found in the tropical regions of the world.

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