Notes for NCERT Chemistry Class 12

Solubility Of Gases In Liquids | Notes for NCERT Chemistry Class 12

Solubility Of Gases In Liquids – Gases are defined as the substances that can expand freely and fills the space. It is one of the four fundamental states of matter (others are solid, liquid, and plasma). Gases do not have a fixed shape. A pure gas comprises of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules i.e.having one type of atom (e.g. oxygen), or compound molecules made from a variety of atoms (e.g. carbon dioxide). A gas mixture contains a variety of pure gases much like the air.

Gas does not have any particular shape. Molecules in the gases are attached together by weak electrostatic forces or van der Waals forces. Gas molecules are very loosely packed as compared to solids and liquids. This means that molecules in gases are very far apart from each other, and are attached together by weak electrostatic forces or van der Waals forces.

SOLUBILITY OF GASES

The solubility is the maximum quantity of solute that can dissolve in a certain quantity of solvent or quantity of solution at a specified temperature or pressure (in the case of gaseous solutes).

Factors affecting the solubility of gases in liquids

• Nature of gas and the nature of solvent: The gases which are easily liquefiable are more soluble than dihydrogen and dioxygen. The gases which are capable of undergoing a chemical reaction with water are relatively more soluble in water than any other solvents. Some polar gases are ammonia (NH3), Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) etc. Whereas, non-polar gases are diatomic gases like O2, H2, N2, CO2 etc.

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