What is a wildlife sanctuary? Class 12 Science

What is a wildlife sanctuary?

A wildlife sanctuary is a physical location, a protected area with the mission of preserving animals. It resembles a nature preserve (a shelter for wild animals and birds). It tries to safeguard wildlife species from poaching, competition, hunting, and other threats. The wildlife is given a suitable environment to live in a sanctuary.

These locations are made beautiful by the thick forests, wide rivers, and tall mountains. India's Wildlife Sanctuaries hold a special place in the world as the country with the second-largest base of biodiversity. Numerous rare animals and unusual bird species call these serene and tranquil wildlife reserves home.

Indian wildlife preserves are categorised as Category IV protected areas by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). There were 543 wildlife sanctuaries in the nation between 1936 and 2016, and as of 2017 they spanned an area of 118,918 km2. Project Tiger is in charge of 50 of these tiger reserves, which is particularly significant for Bengal tiger conservation.

The list of a few wildlife sanctuaries in India is shown below:

i. Kerala's Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary

ii. Uttarakhand's Govind Wildlife Sanctuary

iii. Gujarat's Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary (iii)

iv. Andhra Pradesh's Kaundinya Wildlife Sanctuary

v. Odisha's Chandka Elephant Sanctuary

Rajasthan's Sariska Bird Sanctuary

vii. Tamil Nadu's Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary

viii. West Bengal's Sundarbans West Wildlife Sanctuary

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