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10th class social science online notes : Power sharing

10th class social science online notes : Power sharing

As an example of power sharing, we will discuss the power-sharing in Belgium and Sri Lanka.
Belgium and Sri Lanka showcase their different approach to power sharing, the nature of various conflicts in the countries which rose out of language, diversity, and how they deal with it.
SRILANKA applied Majoritarianism, while BELGIUM used Accommodation.

Power sharing in Sri Lanka
MAJORITARIANISM :-
  • A belief that the majority community should be able to rule a country in whichever way it by disregarding the wants, wishes, and needs of the minority.
  • Like in INDIA here majority of Hindus are found but INDIA did not follow this approach.
Communities in Sri Lanka: –
  • TAMILS-NATIVES – ‘SRILANKAN TAMILS’:-They are just 13 % of the total population
Rest whose forefathers had come from INDIA as plantation workers – ‘INDIAN-TAMILS’
  • SINHALESE – (BUDDHIST): – they are 74% of the population.
After Independence, 1948 they formed a majority. Beside them, TAMIL-HINDUS, TAMIL-MUSLIMS, and CHRISTIAN are 7% who are both Tamil and Sinhalese.

Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka
  • After independence in 1948.
  • Leaders of Sinhala community tried to dominate and took some ‘majoritarian measures’.
  • 1956-Act was passed- it declared Sinhala as the official language.
  • Preferential policy- favoring Sinhala’s for university education and government jobs.
  • The state shall protect an foster Buddhism.
Relations were strained.
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