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Describe Laws of Refraction for Class 10 Science

Laws of refraction with diagram

Laws of Refraction NCERT Class 10 Science


Definition of refraction: Refraction is the bending of light from one medium to another.

The density of the medium that refracts light rays is also a factor in refraction. The more dense medium is referred to as a denser medium, whereas the less dense material is referred to as a rarer medium.

The refraction law
As a result of this basic experiment, we may deduce the laws of refraction listed below —


1. In the same plane as the incident ray, the refracted ray, and the normal to the interface of two transparent media at the point of incidence.

2. For the light of a given colour and a given set of media, the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence (Sine I to the sine of the angle of refraction (Sine r) is a constant (Sine r). Snell's law of refraction is another name for this law. (This is also true for the angle 0 < I< 90o)

3. If I is the incidence angle and r is the refraction angle, then

Constant = Sine I / Sine R

Another important finding in this experiment is that the ray of light bends away from the normal as it goes from a denser media to a rarer one. When a ray of light moves from a rarer to a denser medium, it bends towards the normal.


Read another science notes What is sodium chloride?


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