Class 10 Science online notes-Electricity

It has been scientifically proven that the electric charges are of two types- positive charges and negative charges. The charge acquired by a glass rod is called positive charge and the charge acquired by an Ebonite rod is called negative charge.

Let’s discuss the property for electric charges are

Opposite charges attract each other.
Similar charges repel each other.

The SI unit of electric charge is Coulomb which is denoted by the letter C. All the matter around positively charged particles called protons and negatively charged particles called electrons.

A proton possesses a positive charge of 1.6 X Whereas electron possesses a negative charge 1.6 X .

Conductors and Insulators

A conductor is a substance through which electricity can flow. Eg:- Silver, copper, aluminum, etc.

Insulators are the substances through which electricity cannot flow are called insulators. Eg:- Glass,Ebonite, rubber, etc.

Moving forward, now understand how the conductors work?

All the conductors have some electrons which are loosely held by the nuclei of their atoms. These electrons are called “Free electrons” and can move from one atom to another atom throughout the conductor. The presence of “free electrons” in a substance makes it a conductor.

Electricity can be divided into two parts:-

Static electricity-In this electrifying, the electric charges remain at rest as they do not move.
Current electricity-In this electrifying, the electric charges are in The electricity we use it in our homes is called current electricity.

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