Class 8 science - Its structure and functions

Structure of a cell

Cell membrane–A cell membrane is the outermost covering ofa cell, which protects the cell and separates it from other cells. Plants cell have an additional layer outside the cell membrane is called the cell wall.
Cytoplasm –A jelly like substance present within the cell membrane is called cytoplasm. Many Living membrane bound bodies having definite shape and functions within cytoplasm are called cell organelles.
Golgi apparatus –Membrane bound, fluid filled sacs stacked together are called Golgi apparatus. It is used for packaging, transporting fats, and protein. Lysosomes are created with this.
Vacuole –Vacuoles are fluid filled space enclosed by a membrane. Its main function is to store excess water, useful minerals, pigments, and many other substances.
Lysosomes – They are made up of chemical substances called enzymes and are responsible of digesting cell, a variety of intra and extra cellular materials.
Endoplasmic reticulum –It is an interconnected network of tubules and channel.Its responsibility is to synthesize,storage, and transport of cell products.
Ribosomes–They are small granular structure found in cytoplasm. Their major function is protein synthesis.
Mitochondria– They are double membrane bound bodies usually spherical or rod shaped.
Plastids- They are present in plant cells only. They contain certain pigment that has specific role in plant functioning,
Centrosomes –They are present only in animal cells.
Nucleus-Nucleus is called as the brain of the cell. It is a spherical body surround by a double membrane called nuclear membrane. Nuclear pores are the pores on the membrane.

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