Reading Comprehension Questions for Competitive Exams
Reading comprehension is one of the most important parts of every exam where verbal is included. In this, you can score good marks just by following these easy tips given below:
Sample Passage 1
What Methods Do Andean Farmers Use?
Public debate around climate change and its effects on agriculture tend to focus
on the large-scale industrial farms of the North. Farmers who work on a small scale and
use traditional methods have largely been ignored. However, as the world slowly comes
to terms with the threat of climate change, Native farming traditions will warrant greater attention.
In the industrial model of agriculture, one or two crop varieties are grown over
vast areas. Instead of trying to use local resources of soil and water optimally and
sustainably, the natural environment is all but ignored and uniform growing conditions
are fabricated through large-scale irrigation and the intensive use of artificial fertilizers
and pesticides. For example, a handful of basically similar potato varieties, all of which
require nearly identical soil conditions, temperature, rainfall, and growing seasons,
account for almost all global production. When these global crops are no longer suited to the environment in which they are grown, when their resistance to disease and pests
begins to fail, or the climate itself changes, the best way to rejuvenate the breeding stock will be to introduce new genetic material from the vast diversity of crop varieties still maintained by indigenous peoples.
In contrast to the industrial model, Andean potatoes, and other Andean crops such
as squash and beans grown by Quechuan farmers exhibit extraordinary genetic diversity,
driven by the need to adapt crops to the extraordinary climatic diversity of the region.
Along the two axes of latitude and altitude, the Andes encompasses fully two-thirds of all possible combinations of climate and geography found on Earth. The Andean potato has been adapted to every environment except the depth of the rainforest or the frozen peaks of the mountains. Today, facing the likelihood of major disruptions to the climatic
conditions for agriculture worldwide, indigenous farmers provide a dramatic example of
crop adaptation in an increasingly extreme environment. More importantly, Native
farmers have also safeguarded the crop diversity essential for the future adaptations.
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