What is Function of Meiosis? It’s Stages and Example of Meiosis

What is the Function of Meiosis? It’s Stages and Example of Meiosis

What is Meiosis?

Meiosis is a mechanism in which the number of chromosomes in a cell is reduced before reproduction in eukaryotic, sex-breeding animals. Many species make gametes out of these cells, such as eggs and sperm. During reproduction, the gametes will mate and form a new zygote. Combining the two gametes would give the zygote the same number of alleles as the parent since the number of alleles decreases during meiosis. Each gene has two copies in diploid species.

Meiosis is the process by which a cell divides twice to form four cells that contain half of the genetic information. These cells are our sex cells – sperm in men and eggs in women.

Functions of meiosis?

Many sexually reproducing species, like their parents, need meiosis to ensure that their offspring have an equal number of chromosomes. The two cells form a new pair during the fertilization process. The offspring would have four copies of each gene if the number of pairs of each gene in zygotic developing gametes is not less than one. Many animals may develop developmental disabilities as a result of it.

 

Among other organisms, polyploidy is common, surviving with multiple copies of the same gene. However, if the organism is polymorphic and cannot survive, then meiosis must occur before reproduction. Meiosis occurs in two different divisions, each in different stages.

 

Stages of meiosis?

 Meiosis can be divided into nine stages. When the cell first divides its called meiosis I and then divides a second time it’s called meiosis II:

 

Meiosis I

 

Interface:

Deoxyribonucleic acid is copied into the cell, resulting in two identical complete chromosomes.

Outside the nucleus? There are two centrosomes, each containing a pair of centrioles, are these structures important for the cell division process?

During the interface, microtubules extend from these centers.

 

Prophase I:

The copied chromosomes are compressed into X-shaped structures that can be easily observed under a microscope.

Each chromosome has two genetic chromatics

Because chromosomes are coupled, two copies of chromosome 1 together, and two copies of chromosome 2 together, and so on.

The pair of chromosomes can then move bits of DNA in a process called recombination or crossover.

At the end of profile I, the membrane surrounding the nucleus of the cell dissolves and leaves the chromosome.

The meiosis spindle, which contains microtubules and other proteins, extends between the centrioles throughout the cell.

 

Metaphase I:

At the center of the cell (equator), the chromosome pairs align with each other.

The centrioles are now at opposite poles of the cell from which the myotic spindle extends.

The fibers are attached to the meiosis spindle in the chromosome of each pair.

 

Anaphase I:

The pair of chromosomes are separated using a myotic axis, which draws one chromosome to one pole of the cell and the other to the opposite pole.

In meiosis, I have sister chromatids standing together. This is different from what happens in mitosis and meiosis II.

 

Telophase I and cytokinesis:

The chromosomes carry out motions at opposite poles of the cell.

At each pole of the cell, a group of chromosomes converges.

A membrane is formed on each chromosome to form two new nuclei.

A single cell is pinned in the middle to form two separate daughter cells, each containing a set of chromosomes within a nucleus. This process is called cytokines.

 

Continue Reading on Meiosis II and Function of Meiosis Here.

 

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