Skip to main content

NCERT Chemistry Class 11 - Chemical Bonding


NCERT Chemistry Class 11 - Chemical Bonding

 In this article, the following topic ‘Chemical Bonding’ from the unit Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure of Class 11 Chemistry syllabus is discussed.
Chemistry notes for class 11: A Chemical bond is an attraction between atoms or we can say elements (are the simplest type of matter containing only one kind of atom). A chemical bond enables the formation of a chemical compound. Hence a compound can be defined as a substance consisting of two or more different or same kind of elements that are bonded chemically. The chemical bonds hold the elements together and form temporary connections that are essential for life. The atoms can be connected together by strong bonds or by weak bonds.
The chemical bonds are essential to the chemistry of a living organism as well as to the stability of the environment in which it lives.
The elements combine in two general ways, and both involve the electrons (outermost or valence electrons) of the atoms of the interacting elements:
  1. Ionic Bond/ Ionic Compounds: They are formed by the transfer of electrons from one element to another element.
  2. Covalent Bond/ Covalent Compounds: They are formed by sharing of electrons between the atoms of different elements.
Ionic Bonds:  An ionic bond is formed when the atoms are held together by electrostatic forces. These compounds are called ionic compound or electrovalent compounds.The compound is neutral overall, as it consists of positively charged ions called cations and negatively charged ions called anions. These can be simple ions such as the sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl–) in sodium chloride, or polyatomic species such as the ammonium (NH4+) and carbonate (CO3-2) ions in ammonium carbonate. Individual ions within an ionic compound usually have multiple nearest neighbors, so are not considered to be part of molecules, but instead part of a continuous three-dimensional network, usually in a crystalline structure.

Note: Ionic compounds are made up of a metal and a non- metal (except ammonium chloride which is made up of only non-metals.
Covalent Bonds: A covalent bond is also known as molecular bond. It is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs, and there is a stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons.In the molecule H2 ( the simplest covalent molecule is the diatomic hydrogen molecule), the hydrogen atoms share the two electrons via covalent bonding. Covalency is greatest between atoms of similar electronegativities. Thus, covalent bonding does not necessarily require that the two atoms be of the same elements, only that they should be of comparable electronegativity. The covalent bonding that entails sharing of electrons over more than two atoms is said to be delocalized.

For more information, online classes for Class 11, NCERT solutions for Class 11 Chemistry/Biology/Physics, register with Takshila Learning

Or call us : 8800999280/8800999284/011-45639131


Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Thank you we will contact ASAP.

Popular posts from this blog

Lessons-Worksheets-Question Papers-CBSE Class 2 English

Lessons-Worksheets-Question Papers-CBSE Class 2 English CBSE 2nd Class English – One and Many  In this blog, we share the spelling rules used in the concept of  One  and Many. When there is only one of a naming word (noun), it is said to be a  singular noun . When a noun shows more than one, it is said to be in the  plural . We can add  –S, -es, -ves or ies  to show that there is more than one noun.  For example,  we say many birds, four biscuits, six brushes. But for the students of  Class 2 , it’s very difficult and confusing to understand where to use  s , es, ves or ies  in the form of many. Don’t worry, it looks difficult, but it is very easy as in grammar each concept has a set of rules that need to practice. Noun ending with  –s, -x, -o, -sh, -ch, and –ss  form plurals by taking  –es. Look at these pairs of words: Bus – Buses Brush – Brushes Continue ..... Click here ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Class 3 English Practice Grammar Worksheet -The Adverb

 Class 3 English Practice Grammar Worksheet -The Adverb Class 3 English – The Adverb – Kinds of Adverb Fill in the blanks with suitable Adverbs of place. Choose from the box.  Up               outside                       everywhere                 back                down      away          here                           there                     ...
Post a Comment
Read more

PURCHASED GOODWILL METHOD UNDER IND AS 103

The acquisition of subsidiaries results in  Goodwill calculation  and also records net assets of the subsidiary at fair value on the date of acquisition. Let’s get answers to all the questions related to Goodwill, valuation of NCI, and impairment relating to them. Q1 – What are the ways in which an entity can make payment for purchase consideration? ANS: – Cash – Share exchange – Deferred payment – Contingent consideration Q2 – How is deferred payment dealt, when it forms part of purchase consideration? ANS:  The deferred payment is discounted to present value and included in the cost of consideration. At the end of each year, the liability is increased by unwinding the discount, until the payment is settled. For example, An amount of Rs. 108,000 was deferred to be paid after 2 years. The discount rate applicable is 8%. The net present value today of Rs. 108,000 is equal to (108,000 * 1) / (1.08) ^2)= Rs. 92,593 included in purchase consideration. A liability of Rs. 92,59...
Post a Comment
Read more