Physics notes for class 11 Science : Inertia

Physics notes for class 11 : Newton’s First Law defines Inertia: According to Newton’s first law of motion, a body remains to be in a state of rest or of uniform motion unless and until it is acted upon by an external force to change its state.This inability of a body to change by itself its state of rest or of uniform motion along a straight line is called inertia of that body.

Newton’s first law is called the Law of Inertia

So, one can define Inertia as “the tendency of an object to stay at rest or in motion”.

Quantitatively, the inertia of a body is measured by the mass of the body that means heavier the body greater is its inertia.

Types of Inertia:

Inertia of Rest: The tendency of a body to remain in its state of rest is called Inertia of Rest. That means a body at rest remains at rest and cannot move on its own.

Example:

A person standing in a bus falls backward with a jerk when the driver starts the bus suddenly. It is because our feet are in touch with the floor of the bus. While our feet go with the bus the rest of the body remains where it is due to inertia and we are thrown backward.
When a horse starts running suddenly, the rider on the horse falls backward.
When we place a coin on a smooth piece of cardboard covering a glass and strike the cardboard piece with finger suddenly, the cardboard slips away and the coin falls into the glass.
When we shake the branch of a tree, its fruits and dry leaves fall down.
Dust gets removed when we beat a hanging carpet with a stick.

Inertia of Motion: The tendency of a body to remain in its state of uniform motion

in a straight line is called Inertia of Motion.

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